Astronomy

This astronomy resource page is dedicated to helping anyone looking to study anything and everything in the universe. Explore the cosmos beyond Earth. From the mysteries of distant galaxies to the study of our solar system, journey to the stars and uncover the secrets of the universe.

Astronomy Online Resources

• Airbus Defence and Space: https://www.airbus.com/defence/space.html
• Astronomy Magazine: https://astronomy.com/
• Center for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS): https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/
• Chandra X-ray Observatory: https://chandra.harvard.edu/
• European Space Agency (ESA): https://www.esa.int/
• European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC): https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Engineering_Technology/
• HubbleSite: https://hubblesite.org/
• Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL): https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/
• NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration): https://www.nasa.gov/
• National Geographic – Space: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/
• SETI Institute (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence): https://www.seti.org/
• Sky & Telescope: https://skyandtelescope.org/
• Space.com: https://www.space.com/
• SpaceFlight Now: https://spaceflightnow.com/
• SpaceNews: https://spacenews.com/
• Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI): https://www.stsci.edu/
• The European Southern Observatory (ESO): https://www.eso.org/
• The Planetary Society: https://www.planetary.org/

Companies & Organizations

• Airbus Defence and Space: https://www.airbus.com/defence/space.html
• Astrophysics, Inc.: https://www.astro-physics.com/
• Ball Aerospace: https://www.ball.com/aerospace
• Blue Origin: https://www.blueorigin.com/
• Boeing Space and Launch: https://www.boeing.com/space/index.page
• Celestron: https://www.celestron.com/
• Harris Corporation (L3Harris): https://www.l3harris.com/
• Lockheed Martin Space: https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/capabilities/space.html
• Maxar Technologies: https://www.maxar.com/
• Northrop Grumman Space Systems: https://www.northropgrumman.com/Capabilities/SpaceSystems/Pages/default.aspx
• OHB System AG: https://www.ohb.de/en/
• Rocket Lab: https://www.rocketlabusa.com/
• Sierra Nevada Corporation Space Systems: https://www.sncorp.com/what-we-do/space-systems/
• Space Dynamics Laboratory: https://www.sdl.usu.edu/
• SpaceX: https://www.spacex.com/
• Teledyne Technologies: https://www.teledyne.com/
• Thales Alenia Space: https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/global/activities/space
• Virgin Galactic: https://www.virgingalactic.com

Astronomers

Present

• Alyssa Goodman (1962-present): Goodman is an expert in star formation and observational astrophysics. She has developed innovative methods for visualizing and analyzing astronomical data.
• Andrea Ghez (1965-present): Ghez is an astrophysicist known for her groundbreaking work in the field of black hole research. She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2020 for her role in the discovery of a supermassive black hole at the center of our Milky Way galaxy.
• Avi Loeb (1962-present): Loeb is an astrophysicist known for his work on topics such as the search for extraterrestrial life and the study of interstellar objects like ‘Oumuamua. He has proposed various controversial and innovative ideas in the field.
• Brian Greene (1963-present): Greene is a theoretical physicist and string theorist, widely recognized for his popular science books and public lectures that explain complex scientific concepts, particularly those relating to cosmology and string theory, to general audiences.
• Ewine van Dishoeck (1955-present): Ewine van Dishoeck is a Dutch astronomer specializing in astrochemistry and molecular astrophysics. Her work focuses on understanding the chemical processes in interstellar space and the formation of stars and planets.
• James Trefil (1938-present): James Trefil is a physicist, science writer, and professor known for his contributions to the public understanding of science, authoring numerous popular science books that explain complex scientific concepts in an accessible manner.
• Jocelyn Bell Burnell (1943-present): Jocelyn Bell Burnell is an astrophysicist known for her discovery of pulsars. While her discovery occurred in the 1960s, she continues to be active in science education and outreach.
• John Richard Gott (1943-present): Gott is a respected astrophysicist and professor, known for his significant contributions to cosmology and astrophysics. He is particularly renowned for his work on the structure and formation of the universe, including the study of cosmic strings, time travel theories, and the topology of the universe. Gott has also made notable predictions using probabilistic arguments, such as his “Copernican principle” applied to time, which he has used to make predictions about the longevity of various events and entities.
• Kip Thorne (1940-present): Thorne is a theoretical physicist known for his contributions to the study of gravitational waves. He was a key figure in the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) collaboration, which detected gravitational waves for the first time in 2015.
• Leonard Susskind (1940-present): Susskind is a prominent theoretical physicist and one of the original developers of string theory, known for his contributions to the fields of quantum field theory, quantum mechanics, and black hole physics.
• Michael Summers (1956-present): Summers is an astrophysicist known for his research in planetary science, particularly in the study of the atmospheres and climatology of other planets in our solar system and beyond.
• Neil deGrasse Tyson (1958-present): Although primarily known as a science communicator, Neil deGrasse Tyson is an astrophysicist who has played a vital role in popularizing astronomy and space science through various media outlets.
• Sara Seager (1971-present): Seager is an astrophysicist and planetary scientist who has made significant contributions to the search for exoplanets and the study of their atmospheres. She is a pioneer in the field of exoplanet characterization.
• Shep Doeleman (1967-present): Doeleman is an astrophysicist who leads the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) project. The EHT collaboration successfully captured the first image of a black hole in the center of the galaxy M87 in 2019, a monumental achievement in astrophysics.
• Wendy Freedman (1957-present): Freedman is an observational cosmologist who has researched the Hubble constant, which measures the rate of expansion of the universe. Her work has helped refine our understanding of the universe’s age and size.

Past

• Claudius Ptolemy (c. 90-168 AD): Ptolemy is known for his geocentric model of the universe, which dominated Western thought for over a thousand years.
• Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543): Copernicus introduced the heliocentric model of the solar system, challenging the geocentric view.
• Tycho Brahe (1546-1601): Brahe made precise astronomical observations without the aid of a telescope and laid the groundwork for Kepler’s laws of planetary motion.
• Johannes Kepler (1571-1630): Kepler formulated the three laws of planetary motion, providing a mathematical description of how planets orbit the Sun.
• Galileo Galilei (1564-1642): Galileo made groundbreaking telescopic observations, such as the discovery of Jupiter’s moons and the phases of Venus. He supported the heliocentric model.
• Isaac Newton (1643-1727): Newton’s laws of motion and universal gravitation revolutionized our understanding of celestial mechanics and the laws governing the universe.
• William Herschel (1738-1822): Herschel discovered Uranus, the first planet to be identified with a telescope, and made significant contributions to the study of double stars and galaxies.
• Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749-1827): Laplace’s work on celestial mechanics and probability theory was highly influential in understanding the stability of the solar system.
• Caroline Herschel (1750-1848): William Herschel’s sister, Caroline, was an accomplished astronomer in her own right and discovered several comets.
• Edmond Halley (1656-1742): Halley is best known for predicting the return of the comet that now bears his name and for his work on planetary orbits.
• Johann Bode (1747-1826): Bode formulated Bode’s Law, a mathematical rule that accurately predicts the distances of planets from the Sun.
• John Herschel (1792-1871): The son of William Herschel, John Herschel made significant contributions to the study of double stars, nebulae, and the southern skies.
• Maria Mitchell (1818-1889): Mitchell was the first American woman to discover a comet and made valuable contributions to the study of variable stars.
• Percival Lowell (1855-1916): Lowell conducted extensive observations of Mars and believed he had observed evidence of canals, although this idea was later debunked.
• Edwin Hubble (1889-1953): Hubble’s observations of galaxies and the expansion of the universe led to Hubble’s Law and the Big Bang theory.
• Carl Sagan (1934-1996): Sagan was an acclaimed astronomer, cosmologist, astrophysicist, astrobiologist, author, and science communicator, best known for his work on extraterrestrial life and for popularizing science through books and the television series “Cosmos: A Personal Voyage.”
• Vera Rubin (1928-2016): Rubin’s work provided strong evidence for the existence of dark matter, significantly impacting our understanding of the universe’s structure.
• Michael Strauss (1934-2020): Strauss is a prominent astrophysicist and professor, known for his significant contributions to observational cosmology. His research often focused on large-scale structures in the Universe, including galaxies and quasars, and he has played a key role in major astronomical surveys that map the cosmos.
• Steven Weinberg (1933-2021): Steven Weinberg was a Nobel Prize-winning theoretical physicist known for his work in unifying two of the four fundamental forces of nature, the electromagnetic force and the weak nuclear force.
• Terence Dickinson (1943-2023): Dickinson is a renowned Canadian astronomer and author, widely recognized for his efforts in popularizing astronomy by making complex astronomical concepts understandable and interesting to the general public.

Books

For Beginners & General Readers

• “Cosmos” by Carl Sagan: A classic that explores the universe and our place in it, written in a captivating and accessible style.
• “Astrophysics for People in a Hurry” by Neil deGrasse Tyson: A concise and engaging overview of key concepts in astrophysics.
• “NightWatch: A Practical Guide to Viewing the Universe” by Terence Dickinson: A fantastic guide for amateur astronomers on stargazing and telescope use.
• “Welcome to the Universe” by Neil deGrasse Tyson, Michael Strauss, and John Richard Gott: A comprehensive introduction to astrophysics co-authored by three leading experts in the field.

Intermediate & Advanced Reading

• “The Elegant Universe” by Brian Greene: A captivating exploration of string theory and the search for a unified theory of physics.
• “The Cosmic Landscape” by Leonard Susskind: A discussion of the anthropic principle and the implications of the universe’s physical constants.
• “The Fabric of the Cosmos” by Brian Greene: A comprehensive examination of space, time, and the nature of reality.

Specialized Topics

• “Black Holes and Time Warps” by Kip Thorne: A detailed exploration of black holes, wormholes, and the physics of space-time.
• “The First Three Minutes” by Steven Weinberg: Weinberg discusses the moments following the Big Bang and the formation of the early universe.
• “Exoplanets: Diamond Worlds, Super Earths, Pulsar Planets, and the New Search for Life Beyond Our Solar System” by Michael Summers and James Trefil: An exploration of exoplanets and the search for extraterrestrial life.
• “Pale Blue Dot” by Carl Sagan: Sagan reflects on humanity’s place in the universe and the significance of Earth in the grand cosmic scheme.

For Those Interested in Space Exploration

• “Rocket Men” by Robert Kurson: Chronicles the Apollo 8 mission and the first humans to orbit the moon.
• “The Martian” by Andy Weir: A thrilling fictional tale of an astronaut stranded on Mars and his struggle for survival.
• “Packing for Mars” by Mary Roach: A humorous and informative look at the quirky side of space travel and astronaut life.

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